Throughout history, the conquest of Mexico has been told in the perspective of the Spanish and their triumphs. It was not until 1962 a Mexican anthropologist named Miguel Leon-Portilla published his book The Broken Spears: An Aztec account of the Conquest of Mexico. He described in his book the indigenous account of the conquest of Mexico. The Broken Spears contains surviving codices written in Nahuatl (Aztec) language that survived the Spanish destruction. The book starts off discussing some bad omens that foretold the destruction of the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan. Throughout the book, we get a narrative perspective of how the advanced Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan was at its height and how it fell into the hands of the Spanish conquistadors. Leon-Portilla gave a different perspective of history that always tends to be silenced. Many colonized people throughout the world have had their voices silenced and ignored. However, Leon-Portilla shared a different account of the conquest of Mexico. After Leon Portilla's book was published it has received some critiques and criticisms over the …show more content…
According to Carl B. Compton, he stated that Miguel Leon-Portilla's The Broken Spears was a fascinating book that has connected the coming of the Spaniards to Mexico and the conquest of Tenochtitlan in one account told through the perspective of the natives. Compton argued that Leon-Portilla's introduction to his book did a great job of summarizing the Aztec empire, the way of life, and the situation surrounding the conquest. In his review, Compton believed that the first chapter of The Broken Spears that dealt with Aztec omens were quite provocative. He argued that a person is inclined to speculate as to how much consists in exaggeration of natural phenomena after the conquest and how much was it based on Aztec myths and how much was pure fabrication on someone's
A faithful edition of Diaz' Guatemala manuscript became available only at the turn of the 20th century, when Mexican historian Genaro García published it in two volumes appearing a year apart, in 1904 and 1905. In 1908, the Hakluyt Society published The Discovery and the Conquest of Mexico 1517-1521, Alfred P. Maudslay’s English translation of the major part of the Genaro García
The societies Timbuktu and Tenochtitlán, despite being located over 6,000 miles from each other, had very similar declines. The fall of Timbuktu was primarily attributed to a sudden decrease in trade, whereas Tenochtitlán’s was unfortunately the result of trusting and deifying the Conquistadors, whose main purpose in travel was to conquer land. But the reason that Timbuktu’s decrease in trade damaged their society so severely was that the inhabitants had become comfortable trusting merchants from other countries to provide them with the goods that they needed in their daily lives. Timbuktu and Tenochtitlán both owe their respective downfalls to their citizens putting their own fate in the hands of strangers. Timbuktu’s fatal flaw lay in their reliance on trade.
As far as inconsistencies, the way this book was wrote, they are expected based on whether the research was done from the Texans, Mexicans, or the observer standpoint. It also seems difficult to separate the myth from the truth at times. The primary sources used are found in the Texas State Library in Austin, Benson Latin American Collection and the Baker Center for American History at the University of Texas in Austin, the DRT Library in San Antonio and many more.
Tenochtitlán achieved great wealth from conquered regions. It was a city of astounding beauty and impressive scale. Its pyramids were brightly painted blue and red for its gods and its palaces were blindingly white. Colorful floating gardens were everywhere. Busy markets displaying foods of all kinds and gold interweaved in clothes and headdresses were bartered.
The Broken Spears by Miguel Leon Portilla portrays many themes about the spanish conquest in the account of the Aztecs. However, The Seven Myth of the Spanish Conquest by Matthew Restall conveys themes harmonize with The Broken Spears concepts. In The Broken Spear the spaniards were perceived as barbaric by the Aztecs and vise versa. When the spaniards attacked during the fiesta of Toxcatl they performed a lot of bloodshed and barbaric actions.
The Aztec’s Empire was the most impressive, prodigious, and superlative civilization, which do well between c. 1345 and 1521 CE. They extended through most of Northern Mesoamerica, in what is known as Southern Mexico. The Aztecs were a tribe of hunters and gatherers, who shared essential cultural traits. The Aztecs were also called Tenochca, which provenance from an eponymous ancestor, Tenoch, and the historical name from Texcoco. From the title of Tenochca was obtained the name of their beloved city, Tenochtitlan.
In ancient Mexico, when the Aztecs rule the Center of the One World, a teenage boy named Temoch is chosen by the god, Quetzalcoatl, to venture across treacherous lands to find a magic sword and bring it home to his kingdom. To Temoch and his sidekick, cousin Mixtli, going on a quest seems like a fun adventure. But the evil lords want to seize Quetzalcoatl’s shield and the powerful sword, and will unleash armies of hideous monsters to stop Temoch’s mission. Based on Aztec mythological creatures and legends, this fantasy novel for middle school kids is Volume One of a series of Temoch’s adventures. ________________________________________
The Broken Spears, by Miguel Leon-Portilla, is an all-inclusive and compelling account of the Spanish conquest, told by the Aztecs also known as the conquered. Leon Portilla’s choice of events depicted in this book collides together giving the reader a broad view of the Spanish conquest. This book gives a history of emotional and spiritual human experiences, allowing the readers to comprehend, and relate to the Aztecs as they went through terror and faced their fears. This book provides an extensive amount of details concerning lack of leadership, bias and technological hardship that led to the Aztec defeat. After reading this book the reader will start to understand how and why the Aztecs suffered .
Conquistador, written by Buddy Levy about the famous ventures of Hernan Cortes, places the reader in the 16th century, or the era c.1450-c. 1750 ce. During this time, the idea of exploration was spreading quickly, as kingdoms and empires in Europe sought to expand their territory. Portugal, with Spain following after, led the way for exploration as they headed south. Spain, however, ventured west, driven by a patriotic attitude of expanding past their borders. Levy tells the story of Hernan Cortes, originally setting sail from Spain, as he sailed from Cuba to the shores of Mexico in 1519, eager about the discovery of new lands.
The Aztec Marketplace at Tlatelolco is a section from the book The Conquest of New Spain, written by Bernal Diaz del Castillo. The book was originally written in 1576 and published in 1632. Bernal Diaz del Castillo was a Spanish soldier born in the mid-1490s in Medina del Campo, Spain (Davidson). Castillo served in the expedition of Hernán Cortés, where the conquistadores conquered Tenochtitlan, the Aztec Empire, in 1521 (Brown 2000). After the conquest, Castillo was awarded with an encomienda, which was a grant of land and/or labor, for his services as a soldier (Davidson).
The Other Conquest, La Otra Conquista The film The Other Conquest is a drama about the aftermath of the 1520’s Spanish Conquest of Mexico told from the perspective of the indigenous Aztec people. It explores social, religious, and psychological changes that brought the historical process of colonization that both defined the South American continent and highly reminds us of today’s neocolonialism. In the film created by Salvador Carrasco, he tells us the story of the oppressed Aztecs by the Spanish conquistadors.
Unlike DBC Pierre, Clendinnen has a more rigid contextual application to her history, having studied Anthropology and therefore approaching the Aztecs through the intensely human aspect, in the manner of history from below. In dealing with the reasons for defeat of the Aztec Empire, Clendinnen focuses on the intensely intimate and brutal cultural practices of battle and further war. She focuses intensely on the cultural forces, as defined by humans, in losing the war - and she raises the question of the adaptability of the Aztec Empire to the Spanish terms of engagement. She provides interesting insight into the inability for both the Spanish or the Aztecs to understand one another; clearly influenced by her background in Anthropology. Undoubtedly, her contextualisation of the downfall through the insuperable cultural clash and demands of ritual, that is hand to hand combat only and the criminal death system in battle is reflective of her familiarity with Anthropology - certainly her character dissection of Cortes is done in an intense, anthropological detail.
As Cortes and his men travelled through Mesoamerica, they heard tales of a great city in the middle of a lake where the emperor ruled out of. He knew that if he were to be able to conquer the nation he would have to start there, so the Spanish set off towards Tenochtitlan encountering civilisation after civilisation so wonderful and different from the home they came from. One of these places was Tlaxcala, in the time that Cortes was there, he struck an alliance with the Tlaxcalan’s against the Aztecs and these warriors would eventually help him sway the tides and defeat the mighty Aztecs.
In central Mexico the Spanish myth of the golden northern land stirred awareness in the legend of Aztlan. According to their own histories the Aztecs had left their homeland in 1168 and journeyed to the lakes where in 1325 where found in Tenochtitlan. By mid-1700’s the Edenic picture of the north had been forgotten in the minds of the authorities in Mexico City. Since most of the settler from the very beginning were Indians and Mestizos and had intermarried with northern natives it wasn’t surprising that eventually saw the border land as their
Octavio Paz, a Mexican poet and essayist, is one of the many philosophers with a written piece regarding his understanding of Lo Mexicano. Paz’s “Sons of La Malinche” was first published in the Labyrinth of Solitude in 1950 and is a rather grim interpretation of the Mexican character, however, it captures the crisis of identity that Mexico was burdened with after the conquest. Paz uses the Spanish term “chingar,” (when literally translated means “to screw, to violate”) and its associated phrases to understand the conquest and the effect