Colonial Latin America presented a land of many conqueror nations brewing a diverse environment into mirroring the societies of their respected home countries. In The Faces of Honor: Sex, Shame and Violence in Colonial Latin America by Lyman L. Johnston and Sonya Lipsett-Rivera, the authors present the history of Colonial Latin America and the copious faces of its honor system that set a firm standard of societal boundaries. Within the historically accurate portrayals of colonial lifestyles, the authors include examples of individuals exercising strain against the barriers set up by the normative dimensions of society. Although historical patterns show that defying the societal structure was facilitated by being in a higher social class, …show more content…
An optimal example of such case is the life of Dr. Gaspar Gonzalez, a man who had been a priest and rose in power to become the dean of the cathedral in Plata (Spurling, 48). The social expectations of an idiosyncratic theologian preacher of the colonial elite was to be loyal to the church, modest and leading an exemplary life. Although Dr. Gonzalez’ sexual actions, also known as el pecado nefando (Spurling, 47) were what made his case out of the ordinary. Dr. Gonzales partook extensively in homosexual relationships with 2 different men, yet his position of power allowed him to conceal his actions for an extended period of time. After multiple accusations and testimony against Dr. Gonzalez, he was still able to protect his reputation while the men with whom he slept with suffered severe consequences. Juan Gonzalez, one of the men who had a homosexual relationship with Dr. Gonzalez, confessed to his sins and was then garroted and burned at the stake (Spurling, 48). Dr. Gonzalez exercised aggressive agency by having these homosexual relationships and using his power to dodge legal punishment by the ecclesiastical court. Gonzalez was part of a close knit circle that benefited off his well-maintained reputation and socioeconomic status, accordingly giving him a defense system to protect himself (Spurling, 55). The normative dimensions of a man with Dr. Gonzalez’ responsibilities were challenged almost entirely when el pecado nefando was committed multiple times. In conclusion, justice was reached in the case of Dr. Gonzalez, although it serves almost as an archetype of defiant actions being taken against the social structure, all due to a sexually intimate
In Part One of American Colonies, author Alan Taylor accentuates the natural disharmonies that transpired due to humanity, throughout the colonization of the New World. Taylor attributes humans as the most endangering species to the environment, both Native Americans and the settlers. Prior to and during the settlement of the North American colonies, all of humanity’s survival depended on the environment and how they used it. If the Natives or the settlers did not use their surrounding to the fullest advantage, themselves or others potentially could die. The first example of environmental demise that Taylor illustrated was the “…the extinction [of] two-thirds of all New World species…including the giant beaver, mammoth…” and others,” (Taylor 8).
Bruce Haidrey Mrs. Anderson Period 6 CCOT in Latin America 1550-1850 Overtime, Latin America has developed greatly. However to develop, Latin America could not keep everything the same. To be able to grow into a very powerful region that they were hoping to become, many changes were made physically. Although Latin America greatly developed politically, socially, and culturally, ultimately they developed most in their economic aspects of their region.
I chose this prompt because it best highlights the idea of how Colonial Latin America had a problem with the disregard for law among the citizens. In particular, lawlessness played a large role in Colonial Latin America. As a result of the small population of Iberians in Latin America, the rule over people in Colonial Latin America proved to be arduous for the Iberians. These limits were depicted in the gap between the colonial laws and reality throughout Colonial Latin America. The gap can be broken down into two categories.
Starting in the years immediately preceding 1500, Latin America became connected with the rest of the world. Some aspects of this land, including the dependence on agriculture to support itself and epidemic diseases—like smallpox—killing scores of natives, remained the same. However, between the years 1500 and 1750, changes, like the rearranging of social hierarchies/ social classes brought on by an influx of European and African peoples, dramatically reshaped the course of Latin American history. Latin America continued to depend on agriculture to support itself between 1500 and 1750. Large-scale agriculture supported urbanization in Latin America.
The time period 1450 CE to 1750 CE, the mid-fifteen century more specifically, was an era of great significance for not only the Spanish but also the Ottoman Empire. Both empires were up-and-coming, rising up, becoming powerful by simply achieving amazing milestones for their empires. During the mid-fifteenth century, the Spanish Empire had just discovered the Americas, on the other hand the Ottomans had just taken Constantinople, city of the Roman/Byzantine Empire. The fifteenth century was just the start for both of these empires to become large and start dominating.
In actuality, many influential early Americans engaged in activity which contemporary society would consider criminal. Maybe today’s current politician’s actions correlate with those of our early American heroes and founding fathers? Hamilton even acknowledged writing love letters to his wife while living and carousing with prostitutes. It is ironic, how respectable people down through history engaged in lying and illicit activities, but contemporary society perceives the same despicable behavior as a new occurrences pointing to a downward spiral in contemporary society. When looking at colonial America, it is interesting to see that the acceptance of vigilante justice and the practice of residential hospitality has so drastically changed; however, the human condition of engaging in dishonesty and despicable behavior never seems to change.
Franciso Pizzaro, a Spanish conquistador, arrived at the capital of the Inca empire with 168 men on November 15, 1532, and within 24 hours of coming into contact with the Incas, 7,000 Inca warriors lay lifeless, and yet not a single Spanish life was shed during the battle. Hernan Cortes accomplished something very similar in the invasion of the Aztec empire. These two conquistadors were able to conquer the Americas with significantly fewer men, killing thousands of Native Americans in Central and South America within hours and unknowingly killing around 25 million Native Americans within a century. Pizzaro, Cortes, and many other conquistadors were able to bring about this through guns, germs, and steel.
Crime Statute Application I selected the crime of Adultery, in the state of Arizona. It is illegal under Section 13-1408 of the Arizona Revised Statutes (A.R.S. section 13-1408). I chose this particular statute because I have always viewed adultery as morally wrong, but I never considered it to be criminal conduct. In this application, I examine the elements of crime and the issues that arise when discussing mens rea and actus reus, and how evidence for such conduct would be hard to obtain. I also consider whether the crime should be more of a civil liability concern, rather than criminal conduct, and how there may be issues with making the punishment more severe.
The Americas under the English and the Spanish The Americas in the mid 17th and 18th century was a hot ground for colonization potentially due to unexplored land. Colonists from all parts of the world wanted to get a taste of what it would be like to be on the American continent. Although different colonists had different motivations for creating a stronghold in America, the two most important powers come to mind: The Spanish and the English. They both had different motivations for colonizing the American continent.
In the 1930s, the president of Mexico, Cardenas, was in imperialism. He was introduced nationalism and land reformation. The mexicans wanted the British to side with them because the ability of certain workers. In 1938, Mexico nationalised mainly British oil companies. Mexico is part of one federal district and is made up of 31 states.
Similar to England, the early colonies depended heavily on the inner workings of family life as well as maintaining social order at whatever cost. “Patriarchs had a particular obligation to deter fornication, a “very brutish” practice that caused “many foul and filthy, besides painful diseases” and amounted to “a kind of sacriledge, a
The Spanish exploration and colonisation made both a positive and negative impact on Latin America. The arrival of the Spanish explorers to the new world made a big change and they are the reason Latin America looks the way it does today. However these people were ruthless and were the tyrants of the new world. One of Spain’s major foreign policy objectives since the advent of democracy has been to increase its influence in Latin America. Spain has had interest in this area due to historical ties and a common linguistic, cultural and religious heritage (Countrystudies.us, 2017).
In Latin American Revolution before the revolution there were four main social classes; on the bottom there were the slaves and the Indians, then there were the Mulattoes (who were of African and Spanish descent) and the Mestizos (who were of Spanish and Native American descent), then the Creoles (who were of pure Spanish blood, but were born in America), and at the very top there were the Peninsulares (they were of pure Spanish descent and were born in Spain). The Creoles lead the fight against Spain because they wanted higher social status within their own lives, more political control over their own lives, and they were tired of Spain having total control over their economy. The Creoles weren 't allowed to do many things simply because they were born in America and not Spain, it didn’t matter that they were of pure European descent. Creoles were not allowed to hold political positions, only the Peninsulares were able to. For example, in 1807 only 12 of the 199 judgeships were held by Creoles, the rest were held by Peninsulares.
Each tribe or empire of the Americas had their own unique technique or style that made them different. Regardless of their differences, they all were superior in their own ways and they each made a customized mark on history. The following paper will be summarizing things from each tribe or empire. For example, government or religion. There were four tribes/empires that made up the tribes of the Americas.
Ferreira, a priest and highly respected teacher, opens the story by talking about how being forced into apostasy “was not simply the failure of one individual but a humiliating defeat for the faith itself and for the whole of Europe” (Endo 6). It is thought that the tougher one holds up against an opposing force, true to his/her beliefs, that they will be rewarded for their bravery and courage. The book does a good job of exploring inner dilemmas- using emotions like guilt, fear and anger to explore and amplify these