Holism and Reductionism According to Hooft, (2011), holism is the approaches that study occurrence in their entirety and it is one of the single top qualities in ethical care for the patients. It involves utilization of a multifactoral and multidimensional approaches in dealing with ethical issues that arise when caring for the patients. Ebrahimi et al. (2015) hold the view that conflict and diverse standards form part of the morality. They emphasized that in conflicts resolution, it requires different approaches to achieve distinct and logical decision-making. In the contrary, ethics of justice require reductionism, which creates a severe threat to the legitimacy of moral judgment. Hooft (2011) argues that reductionism
In life, we make many decisions, the good, the bad, the procrastinated and the ruminated ones. How do we know which one is the right one? For human beings, the right decision is measured upon its success, monetary value and/or happiness. People with different moral values, upbringings and principles will have their own customized version of decision-making. In today’s times, unjust laws are prevalent in society all around the world and our ultimate goal is to seek justice.
Therefore, from the opposing concepts of justice, as presented by Apollo and the Furies, it is shown that the mean of the two is the ultimate ideal of justice. In order to understand
The healthcare industry is one of the sectors that are of great value to the society and the goal to improve healthcare has not only been in terms of facilities but also the manner of treatment that surrounds ethics. Woodville Healthcare Centre has resorted to strive in doing right by their patients in every means possible. Part of their mission involves doing everything right as far as healthcare ethics is concerned. Woodville faces scenarios involving various principles of ethics that are based upon diverse ethical theories. In many cases elements of all major ethical theories are usually looked at by Woodville’s operational staff, executive staff and the governing board as a whole in dealing with various ethical scenarios.
RECONSTRUCTION Jukka Varelius presents a sensitive topic about what should be done when a patient refuses a treatment that could save them. Patients have a right to refuse treatment due to autonomy, which is generally held with utmost importance in our culture when it comes to healthcare. However, Varelius argues that giving the refusing patient the treatment anyway may actually be the best way of upholding autonomy.
Lady Justice has been the symbol of the legal system in America as standard which all that practice the law should follow. There is a flaw, in fact, there is a racial divide that separate’s those who practice law to those that are to uphold the law. Eleanor Roosevelt once stated “justice cannot be for one side, but must be for both sides”. ( Roosevelt) This insight is not carried out by those who uphold the law or pass down judgments.
To warrant my statement, the theory of moral responsibilities and utilitarian approach will be taken into consideration. To impartially resolve a moral dilemma, one ought to choose between the options that has greater weight. In order to determine the weights of moral responsibilities, a theory is greatly needed. One theory can be taken from Michael J. Sandel’s book entitled
When this is violated, the response is punishment. The second one is compensatory, and in this case, the offender is obliged to pay the victim in order to compensate for the harm caused. The third one, therapeutic, uses therapy to help individuals return to previous normal state. Finally, conciliatory seeks to reconcile the conflicting parties such that mutual harmony is restored. These social control styles, therefore, are applicable to the case of murders in the US.
This type of problem shifts attention from quandaries regarding what should be done, to a consideration of who has the morally authoritative
The justice theory states that justice is at the advantage of the stronger; however, there have been cases where even the strongest have been defeated. Take Ovid’s Apollo and Daphne for example, or from a biblical perspective, the Book of Judges, or even Elie Wiesel’s novel Night. These writings each
Seclusion is defined by the Mental Health Commission (2009 p.19) as ‘the placing or leaving of a person in any room alone, at any time, day or night, with the exit door locked or fastened or held in such a way as to prevent the person from leaving.’ Newton-Howes (2013) further describes the seclusion room as a locked room, which is sparsely furnished with little detached or hazardous objects in a reduced stimulus environment to promote the regaining of self-control following a period of acute mental distress. The Mental Health Commission recorded 1,403 episodes of seclusion in 2012. According to Gutheil (1978 as cited in Muir-Cochrane 1995) the purpose of seclusion can be identified through three dimensions: the management of unwell persons,
Death Penalty is a very ominous punishment to discuss. It is probably the most controversial and feared form of punishment in the United States. Many are unaware, but 31 of the 52 states have the Death penalty passes as an acceptable punishment. In the following essay, I will agree and support Stephen Nathanson's statement that "Equality retributivism cannot justify the death penalty. " In the reading, "An Eye for an Eye?", Nathanson gives objections to why equality retributivism is morally acceptable for the death penalty to be legal.
Thus, the delinquent committing the act rationalizes that since there is no body of rules for either themselves or for their organizations then there is no criminal intent. They do not believe they have committed a delinquent act against the legal system even if they think what they did was wrong. The five techniques of neutralization therefore hit on the denial of responsibility, The denial of injury, the denial of the victim, the condemnation of the condemners and lastly the appeal to higher loyalties. (Sykes, et al,
Justice may sometimes be cruel and harsh, in being so, however, it is universal for each and every one of us and we defend our rights in the name of it. When certain violations of justice occur individual entities are charged with different cases for which they are called up on a trial. For everyone to get a fair trial, there are some aspects to the law that need to be respected. The likes are: the phenomena of the “due process”, questioning the credibility of the witnesses and the role of advocates' persistency when defending their clients. All of these, together with a great deal of other principals, have to be there for justice to be done to the whole society.
The attractiveness of this theory is primarily based on the ethical code that Hampton subscribes to, which is that pain-inflicted punishments should not be condoned when it comes to disciplining wrongdoers. Rather, constructive analysis done pertaining to why certain actions are morally wrong in society would be intellectually stimulating and productive for both the wrongdoers and the public, all while avoiding the infliction of physical pain. Compared to the retributivist argument, which circulates around the idea that the purpose of punishment is to make wrongdoers pay for their misdeeds, and that they should be treated the way that they have treated others, the MET is a more humane way to treat wrongdoers, and in the long run, would perhaps help them emerge from confinement as better citizens within society, rather than as potential repeat offenders. Therefore, the appeal of the MET stems from the positive implications of treating wrongdoers with respect and dignity, all while teaching them why their actions were wrong while simultaneously instilling positive and moral values in their psyche before allowing them to re-enter
Holistic nursing practices often require the combination of self-care and personal development activities into one 's life. Holistic nurses involves in self assessment, self-care and personal development, aware of being the sole instruments of healing. Holistic nursing emphasizing on integration of spirituality, self-responsibility, self-care and reflection in their lives. Smith (2006) discussed her life as a holistic nurse. White & Clegg (2009) highlighted approach in context of providing support to patients suffering from long-term conditions.