Luminol Lab Report

Luminol
5. Introduction In this experiment, luminol was prepared from 3-nitrophthalic acid and hydrazine under high heat. 3-nitrophthalic acid and hydrazine produced the precipitate 3-nitrophthalhydrazine, which was isolated using vacuum filtration. 3-nitrophthalhydrazine reacts with sodium dithionite to produce luminol. The solid luminol was isolated by vacuum filtration, then its chemiluminescence was demonstrated through its reaction with iron from a solution of potassium ferricyanide. The product obtained was identified on whether it glowed.
6. Data and Results The reaction of the product with potassium ferricyanide produced a blue-green glow. This identified the product as luminol.
7. Discussion and Conclusion Carboxyl groups, which are made of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group, produce carboxylic acids when bonded to hydrogens, alkyls, or aryls. Replacing the hydroxyl group with a different heteroatom substituent will produce a carboxylic derivative, which include amides, anhydrides, esters, and nitriles. The polarity of the acyl carbon atom is produced by the substituent and the electronegativity of the C-O double bond. The additional electrophilicity from the polarity increased the acyl carbon’s

Chemiluminescence is the process of generating light through a chemical reaction. This is due to the product of an excited electronic state that release a photon, or light, as it returns to the ground state. An excited electronic state is caused by the promotion of an electron to another orbital. The energy used to promote the electron will be lost either a radiationless energy or through the release of visible light, such as with the cases of fluorescence—involving the singlet electronic state, which has two unpaired electron with opposite spin quantum numbers—and phosphorescence—involving the triplet electronic state. Which has two unpaired electrons with the same spin quantum