Nitroaromatic compounds are the major group of pollutants because they enter into environment in large quantities, are toxic and resistant to degradation and bioaccumulate. Nitroaromatics such as nitrobenzene, nitrotoluenes, nitrophenols, nitrobenzoates and nitroanilines are extensively used in industry for the manufacture of pesticides, explosives, dyes, plastics and pharmaceuticals. There are reports of widespread contamination of soil, water and atmosphere by nitroaromatic compounds. Nitrotoluenes are used in the large scale manufacture of explosives such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), which has led to the contamination of soil. Environmental pollution by Nitroaromatic compounds Nitroaromatics are stable, persistent, toxic and mutagenic and many of them are suspected or recognized carcinogens (Lotufo et al., 2009; Marvin-Sikkema and de Bont 1994; Nishino et al., 2000; Padda et al., 2003; Purohit and Basu 2000; Reiger and Knackmuss 1995). Most of nitroaromatics are listed on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s list of priority pollutants (Keith and Telliard 1979; U.S.EPA 2006). Additionally, the food and drug administration (FDA) have found that nitroaromatics have been entered the food chain. There are report on mutagenic nitroaromatic compounds …show more content…
In addition, they also find applications in the preparation of wide variety of products such as drugs, rocket propellants, celluloid, photographic developers, paints and polishes, electric batteries, coloured glass, safety matches etc (Beard and Noe 1981; Dunlap 1982; Hirai 1999; Meidl 1970; Plunkett 1966; Windholz et al., 1976; Ware 1994) (Table
The US sprays 16 million acres of Naled every year which has been linked to neurological defects which raises concern. While the insecticide is approved to be safe for crops and water supplies, it is recommended to wash produce and avoid direct contact. Although there is little risk for the environment while using Naled, wildlife is not as safe. There is threats to aquatic and terrestrial wildlife. The risks begin before the insecticide has fully broken down which does not persist for long periods of time.
Styrene is most commonly found in an industrial workplace. Styrene can alter the DNA sequence. However, by limiting exposure to cancer causing chemicals, longevity of life can be preserved. Also, in Document B, it states, “Much cancer is caused by ‘environmental factors’ broadly defined to include food,drink, and habits such as smoking tobacco and basking in the sun.” The chance of being diagnosed with cancer depends on the extent of exposure to a carcinogen.
The 177.028 kilometers of the Haw River extends over six counties, including Alamance, Chatham, Forsyth, Guilford, and Orange (Lucier, 1982). The River acquires runoff and wastewater from multiple areas such as Chapel Hill, Durham, local farms, and Pittsboro. Among other areas, Pittsboro contains several local farms. The nutrients that is found in our food, originally comes from the soil. Farmers needed to create healthy crops full of nutrients, so farmers needed to come up with a way to have the healthy soil, and fast.
Water Pollution in San Joaquin Valley San Joaquin Valley is a place that stretches from 7 different counties such as Stanislaus to Kern county. San Joaquin Valley is known for their agriculture land since the late 19th century, which feeds most of the United States with the vegetables and fruits that are grown in the valley. The rich life of life in agricultural fields rely on the water supply that the valley contains such as groundwater and water on shore. Throughout the past decades, the water quality in San Joaquin Valley becomes to decrease from clean water to polluted water.
The short-term effects of this drug include dizziness, weakness, headache, breathlessness, chest constriction, nausea, and vomiting. Diesel fuel, also listed as hazardous, may cause redness, itching, burning, severe skin damage and cancer if within contact of skin. Lead, which is harmful to children and Hydrogen fluoride, whose fumes are highly poisonous, pose problems as well. Sulfuric acid, which is corrosive to all body tissues, may cause lung damage and loss of vision. Many more hazardous chemicals are used in hydraulic fracturing.
Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to identify given Unknown White Compound by conducting various test and learning how to use lab techniques. Tests that are used during this experiment were a flame test, ion test, pH test, and conductivity test. The results drawn from these tests confirmed the identity of the Unknown White Compound to be sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2) because there were no presence of ions and sodium has a strong persistent orange color. The compound then will be synthesized with the compounds Na2CO3 and HC2H3O2 to find percent yield.
However, the development of resistance and the environmental impacts of the chemicals have stimulated again the search for alternative control methods, mainly based on manipulation of natural
These pesticides destruct the environment and kill many living
Fracking uses dangerous chemicals, chemicals that are bad for one’s personal health at the same time, the health of the environment. There are a known 750 chemicals…. 26 of which are either likely or known carcinogens (Is Fracking A Good Idea? 12). Many chemicals that could be harmful to you are not just the ones they put into the ground, but some that come up from the ground can also harm you. Chemicals such as radioactive materials, bromide, heavy metals, hydrocarbons such as BTEX, highly concentrated salts, and other inorganic and organic compounds (Is Fracking A Good Idea?)
Introduction - Some car owners go their entire driving lives relying on the predetermined octane level of whatever kind of gasoline they use. These people don’t get the most out of their engines. If you want to see exactly what your car is capable of, you should experiment with octane booster additives. What Is Octane? - Have you ever wondered what those little numbers on gas station pumps are there for? 87. 89.
3. To purify and identify the product, recrystallization is used in order to purify the product, then melting point and TLC techniques are used to identify the product. Theory 4.
The Use of Tear Gas on Civilians by Law Enforcement Tear gas is a term for chemical weapons identified as non-lethal and approved for use in riot control. Such weapons include CS gas, CR gas, pepper spray, and mace. In recent years, its usage, has drawn the attention of international media and generated outrage against escalating police militarization. This paper investigates the use of these chemical agents by law enforcement, the effects it has on people, and its value as a crowd control agent to judge whether their use should remain legal. Evidence suggests that the use of tear gas in crowd control should be discontinued due to its adverse effects on people and its poor ability to control crowds.
We can view these chemicals on the table below: One of the chemicals of note is Dioxin that is highly carcinogenic. CHEMICALS FOUND AT THE LOVE CANAL* Chemical Water & Leachate Air Soil & Sediment Benzene ID** 522.7 µg/m3 <0.1-0.8 µg/kg α-Benzene Hexachloride 3.2 µg/l 0.002-0.1 µg/m3 ID β-Benzene Hexachloride 38 µg/l 3 µg/m3 ID δ-Benzene Hexachloride 6.9 µg/l 0.4 µg/m3 ID γ-Benzene Hexachloride (Lindane) 50 µg/l ID 20 mg/gm Carbon Tetrachloride ID 5.0 µg/m3 Chlorobenzene 10 mg/l 0.1-172 µg/m3 0.4-2.9 µg/kg Chloroform 0.2-3.9 µg/l 0.5-24.0 µg/m3 0.2-2.3 µg/kg Chlorotoluene 75 mg/l 0.008-7650 µg/m3 ID Dichlorobenzene 3 mg/l <0.3-100.5 µg/m3 240 µg/kg Dichloroethane 0.2-4.8 µg/l <0.4-2 µg/kg Dichlorotoluene 95 µg/l <18-74 µg/m3 1,3-Hexachlorobutadiene (c-46) 22-114 µg/m3
Background The situation that was presented to us occurred in September of 1982, where seven people in the Chicago area were killed when they ingested Tylenol, a painkiller produced by Johnson and Johnson. The Tylenol that ended up killing the seven had been laced with cyanide, but the extent of the damage and whether it was internal or external was not known for several weeks. However, upon investigating it was found to have been an external sabotage.
Injection of sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate may be used to treat the poisoning of the weed. Symptoms very in cattle from convulsions, death, nervousness, recumbency and salvation. (Majak, Walter, Barbara M. Brooke, and Robert T. Ogilvie