From 1865 to 1877 the process of reconstructing the Confederate States began just as the Civil War concluded. For many families the reconstruction period was a major inconvenience. For example, farmers lost their plantation workers, thus causing a huge inflation. This resulted in families losing lots of their money and struggling to buy things as simple as food, cotton, and tobacco. To politically heal, it is crucial to readmit the Southern States back into the nation politically and essentially allow African Americans the right to vote. From a societal standpoint the government needs to enforce civil rights that will provide protection for African Americans from unlawful discrimination towards them and give them full citizenship. Economically, …show more content…
For example, the article Why did the south reject the 14th amendment? explained that the 14th amendment, “prohibited any state from depriving a citizen of their civil rights or equal protection under the law… This gave protection to African Americans against people trying to target them,” (Socratic Q&A 2017). Essentially, this clarifies that by creating a set of laws offering African Americans full citizenship then they will be protected from those who beat, torture, and in some cases kill them. By giving the black community civil rights then many of the organizations whose only purposes are to harm African Americans will be shut down. Furthermore, as expressed in the article Reconstruction and Its Aftermath, “After the Civil War, with the protection of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution and the Civil Rights Act of 1866, African Americans enjoyed a period when they were allowed to vote, actively participate in the political process, acquire the land of former owners, seek their own employment, and use public accommodations,” (African American Odyssey 2008). Evidently, this quote explains that by creating amendments/laws regarding the AFrican Americans rights then they will be able to live a regular life. Not only does this allow them to vote, …show more content…
For instance, The Freedman states, “For its part, the federal government established the Freedmen's Bureau, a temporary agency, to provide food, clothing, and medical care to refugees,” (Library of Congress 2020). Essentially, this explains that it's important to provide slaves/refugees with the tools they need to live. If there was no one to supply former slaves with food, water, clothing, etc then many of them would die of starvation or dehydration. Furthermore, in regards to sharecropping The Southern Economy: Reconstruction and Today discusses the benefits for sharecropping. For example, it says, “ In sharecropping, both freed slaves and poor whites borrowed land, seeds, and tools from a landowner, in exchange for a share of the crop at harvest time,” (The Southern Economy 2011). In essence, the method of sharecropping allows slaves to have a job which pays and the farms are able to continue operating. In addition, the article Sharecropping also addresses sharecropping, in such it states, “Sharecropping is a system where the landlord/planter allows a tenant to use the land in exchange for a share of the crop,” (Slavery By Another Name 2023). This further elucidates that with sharecropping the landowner is able to keep his farm running, while African Americans get to work for a real job. Consequently,
With all the laws, taxes and codes that the blacks had to follow, owning land was unrealistic for many. Blacks turned to a cheaper alternative, renting. Unfortunately, this also had its downfalls, such as the lack of white landowners willing to rent to blacks. This led to a system called sharecropping. Sharecropping was an arrangement between white landowners and free blacks, the landowner would provide goods like food and seeds and the blacks would farm and use a portion of their crop as a payment to the landowners.
After the Civil War, the South’s land lay in ruins and millions of people, whites and blacks alike, were milling around with no income. Sharecropping was invented so a landowner could hire people to work on his land and they would share the benefits with each other. However, this form of work turned out to be devastating. As a sharecropping contract from North Carolina showed, the workers had to pay off all their debts and the landowner would then collect half of the “net proceeds” (E). Because of a farmer’s ability to produce products faster than before, this actually led to them producing more crops than the public needed and wanted.
This amendment granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed by the Thirteenth Amendment. In addition to granting citizenship, it forbids states from denying anyone "life, liberty or property, without due process of law" or to "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws,” no matter who they were. The 14th Amendment expanded the protection of civil rights tremendously to all Americans no matter color or race and is cited in more litigations than any other amendment of the United States today. On June 22, 1866, precisely fourteen days after the senate passed the Fourteenth Amendment, President Andrew Johnson issued a message to Congress announcing that the Fourteenth Amendment had been sent to the states for ratification. Johnson voiced his negative opinion of the amendment by stating that his actions should "be considered as purely ministerial, and in no sense whatever committing the Executive to an approval or a recommendation of the amendment to the State legislatures or to the
Sharecropping emerged because slaves that did not move away from plantations. IT was a product of the struggles of the Reconstruction and was in part was a good fit for cotton agriculture. Cotton unlike sugarcane, could be raised efficiently by small farmers. Sharecroppers’ freedom meant not only their individuals lots and cabins but also the school and churches. They could work on their own terms and establish rights to marry, read and write as they pleased, and travel in search of a better life.
The 13th amendment deals with the abolition of slavery. The 14th amendment regards citizenship. The 15th amendment states that the government can not prohibit the right to vote based on “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” Not only did Reconstruction bring about the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments, but when looking back at history it is very visible to see the impact Reconstruction made. Reconstruction provided that first glimpse of light at the end of the tunnel for African Americans, and several other social minorities to come, and their equality and civil
Under labour contracts in 1865-66, freedmen would receive wages, housing, food and clothing in exchange for fieldwork, however many freedmen disliked this system, likening it to slavery. Sharecropping emerged from a desire to own (or rent) land. Under this system conditions for black workers improved, as it represented a step towards independence, the share of the crop was far greater than that offered under their previous wages, and the risk of a shared crop was not only to the black worker, but to the plantation owner too. However, the relationship between landowner and sharecropper must be described as one of paternalism, one all too familiar to historians of the slave South (Ochiltree, 1998).
The amendment tells that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States (厚). Because the terms “citizens” and “person” appear in this amendment, African Americans certainly have political rights and privileges or immunities (厚). Also, civil rights rooted in the Fourteenth Amendment pointed out that African American can guarantee of equal protection under the law (厚). However, in spite of they are citizens, the discriminatory acts of private citizens and segregation alone were not illegal. The “separate but equal” led to the Jim Crow laws, which resulted in blacks being treated as second-class-citizens.
The fifteenth amendment granted voting rights for all which was important to the social structure of modern society without voting there wouldn 't be any tranquility or any sign of fairness/impartial. According to the 15th amendment “the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” This statement impacts and is still used to this day showing that the right vote shouldn 't be taken away from your racial ethnicity or color. This shows that the social structure of the reconstruction era was successful because congress passed an impartial law which implemented both colored and the
As the 14th amendment states, anybody who is born in the United States of America obtained U.S. citizens’ certifications as well. In the 15th amendment, African Americans were granted the right to vote. White Americans forced African Americans into the coal mines. During the modern era, the concept of affirmative action was purposed by President Roosevelt (“Civil Rights 101 - Affirmative Action”). African Americans protected their own defense under associating the civil rights of accommodations.
The American civil war led to the reunion of the South and the North. But, its consequences led the Republicans to take the lead of reconstructing what the war had destroyed especially in the South because it contained larger numbers of newly freed slaves. Just after the civil war, America entered into what was called as the reconstruction era. Reconstruction refers to when “the federal government established the terms on which rebellious Southern states would be integrated back into the Union” (Watts 246). As a further matter, it also meant “the process of helping the 4 million freed slaves after the civil war [to] make the transition to freedom” (DeFord and Schwarz 96).
For a multitude of years, African Americans were considered purchasable property, not people. When the United States ratified the Constitution and they had established their government, slavery had not been abolished. It was not until the period after The Civil War that the United States government passed the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments and African Americans had gained their long-awaited freedom and civil rights. These Reconstruction Amendments gave African Americans the right to live the American Dream. The Reconstruction Amendments helped African Americans build an American Dream by promoting their general welfare, giving them liberty, and assuring justice for all people of color.
Sharecropping was a system that eventually evolved to include white workers and allowed the workers to work for a plantation owner in exchange for a portion(usually one-half) of the overall crop. Initially, sharecropping was seen as a higher status than working under a contract because is made the freedmen feel like it was a step towards owning property. Unfortunately, sharecropping was not as beneficial to the freedmen as it appeared. It often left the freedmen with debt at the end of the season and held them in the contract until they could pay it
Reconstruction is the time period after the Civil War, where the country attempted to improve the Union. There were many successes, but what also comes along with success is failure. During the reconstruction many failures were present; such as the lack of racial equality and blatant racism towards blacks, a failing economy in the South, and tense relations between the North and the South. This created a very intense and challenging period of time for the Union.
The American historian Nell Painter made several comments regarding the importance of land for the freed slaves. For example: “So they (sharecroppers) saw their own land as a means of having a stake in society” (Painter para. 4). Some more proof of this is the fact that it’s also stated that due to most southerners being rural, owning land was crucial to their way of life (para. 4). The evidence shows that white farmers who formerly owned slaves felt that by allowing the slaves to own land made them independent took away a resource the farmers heavily relied upon: slave labor.
Sharecropping was a major impact on the African Americans. Different types of sharecropping have been practiced worldwide, but in the rural south, it was typically practiced by former slaves because it was the only opportunity they had. Sharecropping allowed families to rent small land from a landowner who was typically white. They would then give a portion of their crops to the landowner at the end of the year, but would eventually end in debt because they didn’t have enough money for their needs. Africans then had to keep working for the landowner to pay off their debt.