JXH4003 – Part-A Research Design Assignment
A Systematic critique of ‘The Effect of Self-talk and Mental Imagery on Motor Performance in Adolescents’ by Seyed Abbas Afsanepurak, Abbas Bahram (2012).
This is a systematic critique of Afsanepurak & Bahram’s (2012) paper ‘The Effect of Self-talk and Mental Imagery on Motor Performance in Adolescents’. This critique is from a research design point of view. This study inspected the effects of different combinations of negative and positive self-talk and imagery in adolescent boys’ performance in darts. The 2010 CONSORT guidelines are used to systematically review the research design of this paper. The title of the research paper, ‘The Effect of Self-Talk and Mental Imagery on motor performance
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The research question presented here talks about the collective effects of mental imagery and self-talk on motor performance in adolescents. It brings practical value and great interest to groups involved in sports, particularly in competitive and elite levels as the athletes seek to improve their performance by using such techniques. The age group used in this study is the adolescent group, which makes up most of the intermediate level, hence providing much wider inferences on athletes competing at this level rather than just the elite level (Cuba, 1997). The originality and theoretical worth of this paper, however lack as various past researchers like Dagrou, Gauvin, & Halliwell (1992); Taylor & Shaw (2002); Janssen & Sheikh (1994) have studied the effects of these cognitive techniques previously. Therefore, while the research question intends to investigate the interacting effects, its conclusion would not add a good deal of significance to the present conceptual frameworks and what sports psychologists/scientists may already know. Further are the studies that tested similar darts task by Cumming, Nordin , Horton, & Reynolds (2006) and Nordin & Cumming (2005). Although their contradictory results might justify some
Multiple adaptation can be made to the task as well to help or challenge facilitation, such as the size and weight of the dart or ball, the distance and size of the target, the position being thrown from
Summary “Children Need to Play, Not Compete,” by Jessica Statsky is a thoughtful insight on the competitive sports for children. She is of the view that the competitive sports can ruin the enjoyment that games are supposed to provide. These methods of playing the games like adults can prove to be lethal for physical and psychological health. The author quotes from an authentic source that “Kids under the age of fourteen are not by nature physical.” (Tutko)
Of the 11 dimensions’: positive team dynamics, trying hard, and positive coaching were listed as the three most important factors of fun. Another figure that was calculated was the importance of playing time and this resulted in “80% of players, 93% of parents, and 94% of coaches indicated that playing time was very-to-extremely important to youth sport competition” (Visek 4). On page 6 and 7 of the article, they list the 11 dimensions and the 81 fun-determinals, and under the category of trying hard; competing, working hard, and setting and achieving goals were highly chosen by the subjects of the survey. The study establishes a fundamental point of enjoyment in youth sport, but also reveals how competition is important in the development of a child. The results contribute to both my and Klosterman’s arguments on competition in youth sports.
This will help keep the athlete from blaming themself. Imagery can also be used to help the athlete recover. By using imagery as a cognitive restructuring agents the athlete will be likely to have a more positive attitude and sense of empowerment (Greg J. Chertok). The athlete can picture themself participating in their sport. This will help them keep their ideal self and actual self connected and not cause stress and anxiety (Rogers,
The Ways of Knowing are different methods of which make one knowledgeable in a specific area. In the sport of Volleyball, the ways of knowing play a major role, as they determine the level of skillfulness that each athlete obtains. As I am in the International programs school’s (IPS) girls Volleyball team I will address three ways of knowing which include, Language, Sense Perception, and Intuition, and provide examples to explain how they are associated with the sport of Volleyball. Firstly, I will address Language and its significance when it comes to playing volleyball.
(2003) study was conducted in order find the effects of an audience and competition on weight lifting performance. Rhea, et al. (2003) hypothesized that social facilitation could affect athletic performance when in the presence of an audience and when competition is encouraged. Rhea, et al. (2003) barely elaborated on Triplett’s (1898) study but used the study and its findings, such as social facilitation and its effect on performance, as a basis for research.
Competitive sports provide a community which kids can work with and beat other teams with. “Playing a sport helps children develop social skills which would benefit them even when they grow older. Playing sports teaches them about teamwork and cooperating with others. They learn to interact with people from different ages” (Mahaseth). When these kids grow up, they can use these skills to be able to cooperate and talk with their colleagues.
It is very difficult to be the best when you are constantly thinking of something else; such as multitasking. These athletes are humans too, some need help dealing with mental problems and a confidence booster. Overall, sports psychologists put the athletes back on their feet to help, support, and boost the mental process of competition. P2: Benefits: In society, people often seek to benefit off of others; with sports psychology, athletes, kids, and other people tend to maintain with their activities. Studies have shown the benefits of a sports psychologists treatment.
A study shows that “The exercise programs may actually enhance the development of specific types of mental processing known to be important, for meeting challenges encountered both in academics and later in life.” Also, the athletes are improved since high school. The kids that play sports have a higher chance to be smarter, and be physically well. The best part of sports is that you can improve major parts of your life, which is physical health, psychological health, social skills, and academic
Confirm, Challenge, & Correct: If the thoughts are aligned with the athlete’s goals, are positive, and providing them with the proper fuel to complete the process, then continue in the present moment with increased motivation. If the thoughts are negative in nature (e.g., could end up producing performance debilitating anxiety, anger, worry or fear (Lodato, 2017)) and leading them to overthink a situation with the potential to become channelized and fixated on irrelevant (e.g., ideas and feeling (Lodato, 2017) from the past moment, present situation, or desired future outcome that are not aligned with the current process), then quickly
What is Self-Talk? Self-Talk is the ability to talk to your inner self or out loud based on an individual situation. It may have a positive effect or maybe an adverse effect on your choice of words. In simple terms, Self-Talk is those thoughts which you chant throughout the day.
Thesis: Communication between coaches and their players and how their relationship effects their overall performance in athletics. Article 1 Communicative dimensions of the coach/ player relationship can have a profound impact on the self-esteem of the adolescent personality involved in sport activities. Assertiveness training is a part of standardized coaching clinics can be an important ingredient in improving the coach/player relationship. Wolf (1969), Lazarus (1971), and Rimm and Masters (1974) have demonstrated that aggressive behavior generally results from nonadaptive anxiety which inhibits the appropriate expression of assertive and effective communicative response in the individual. Questions to consider by both coaching staff members and the coaches themselves can aid in identifying potential coaching candidates for communication training:
Self expression is a term many people use. The meaning of it is how you show your true self around people expressing thoughts, feelings, and ideas. Many of it can be seen through art, writing, music, and dance. People show themselves with many different expressions. It can be any type of art and even writing.
Most people want to improve themselves in some way, whether it is to lose weight or give up smoking or increase their confidence. Self-improvement is something that we carry out over a life time, but it is a task that can require a lot of motivation. Keeping your motivation levels up and steady can be a job in itself. In order to achieve the motivation required for self-improvement, we need to look at the three keys that will help us succeed in our goals. 1) INSPIRATION
There are a few speech, language and communication difficulties that affects some of us during our lives. Among one of them is stammering. Stammering, also called stuttering, is a speech problem that happens during childhood and stays throughout adulthood. It is the act of saying words or sentences with difficulty, and repeating the initial letters of words, with sudden involuntary pauses.