Benito Cereno; The Unexpected Abolitionist
Published in Putnam’s Magazine, 1855, Benito Cereno seemed merely a retelling of the chilling events that occurred aboard the ship Tyral, dealing with the slave rebellion and outside interference of the Perseverance. At the pivotal time Melville’s story was being published, tensions were heightened with respect to increasingly diverting opinions on slavery, just before the start of the civil war. Critic J. G. Alleline understands this exceptionally well, arguing that Benito Cereno was not simply a quest narrative about the happenings of a slave-ship rebellion, but rather an intricate narration by Melville of which he describes as the “the legacie of the immorality of slavery is a distinctly American inability to determine what truly matters”, when considering the
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In order to consent with Alleline’s allegations, the reader must interpret the text as being anti-slavery oriented, given what was called the “immorality of slavery”. In accordance with Alleline, I agree that Melville was making a statement against the institution of slavery in his writing of Benito Cereno. Whereas Alleline’s interpretation of Benito Cereno is distinctly about one effect of slavery, general American shallowness; My interpretation differs in regards to what I think is Melville’s overarching theme of the countless detrimental effects of slavery on an entire population. While J. G Alleline’s critique of Melville’s story, serving as vehicle to highlight American superficiality is slightly narrow, his general ideas that Benito Cereno is a subtle anti-slavery work of literature is accurate, as portrayed through the ignorance of Captain Delano and
Just Versus Unjust Violence: A Rhetorical Analysis of Violence in Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and Uncle Tom’s Cabin Frederick Douglass and Harriet Beecher Stowe present slavery in vastly distinct ways. In Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, author Frederick Douglass dives into a grisly world filled with bloodshed and in the middle of it a man willing to do what it takes to be educated and in control of his own person, narrated with the voice of reason. In Uncle Tom’s Cabin, author Harriet Beecher Stowe depicts a variety of characters, their struggle with slavery and religion, their personal relationships, and their deep inner feelings, with no small degree of emotion and sentimentality. Douglass and Stowe’s use of
In the novel, The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume I: The Pox Party, by MT Anderson, follows a young boy named Octavian. This book is set in Boston in the 1700s. As a 13-year-old, Octavian’s mother is bought as a slave by Mr. Gitney, the head of the college, as a 2-for-1 deal. Mr. Gitney is conducting an experiment at his college, the College of Lucidity. He is trying to figure out if an African American could be as intelligent as white royalty if they are provided with the same education.
Toni Morrison theorized that “With typically eighteenth-century reticence [Olaudah Equiano] records his singular and representative life for one purpose; to change things,” (512). He wanted to challenge the way people viewed slavery. History explains the gruesome and disturbing past that the African slaves experienced in terms of being owned, abused, and controlled under barbaric behaviors of white men. Due to the devastating and unthinkable actions committed to the African slaves, they were unable to share their mistreatment with the world and their voice was forced to stay silent. In literary works, people are able to become a voice throughout history, and because African slaves were kept quiet, they did not get the change to share with the
Allen Guelzo and Vincent Harding approached Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation and the eventual abolition of slavery from two very different viewpoints. The major disagreement between them is whether the slaves freed themselves, or Abraham Lincoln and his Emancipation Proclamation freed them. Harding argued the former view, Guelzo took the later. When these essays are compared side by side Guelzo’s is stronger because, unlike Harding, he was able to keep his own views of American race relations out of the essay and presented an argument that was based on more than emotion. Allen Guelzo
In the novels Kindred by Octavia E. Butler and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, the immorality of slavery is constantly critiqued. Twain and Butler use the people's hypocrisy, selfishness, and gullibility to both explain the prevalence of slavery and display why it was perpetuated by otherwise good people. In a society as contradictory as the antebellum south, neither author had a lack of hypocritical traditions and beliefs to draw from in their writing. The antebellum south was ripe with hypocrisy that ingrained selective immorality which was used to justify slavery.
Subsequently, after collecting enough money, Douglass buys the Columbian Orator at the age of thirteen. Reading the Columbian Orator transforms Douglass from “light-hearted” (Douglass 526) to “wretched and gloomy” (Douglass 526) by opening his eyes to the true horror of slavery. The author creates a sense of realism and appeals to the ethos of the audience by creating a link of the inevitability of Douglass’ circumstances and what today’s society knows about slavery and its history.
In his novel Douglass gives us a critique of slavery that is effective in translating the ideas of how cruel slavery was by using the idea of work to call attention to not only the physical, but also mental abuses dealt to him and
Many of the sailors were accurately portrayed by their actions, by throwing slaves into the ocean, flogging, beaten, tortured, and other forms of cruel punishment. “Alexander Falconbridge was a surgeon on slave ships in the 18th century. An abolitionist and governor himself is guilty of all the violent attacks towards slaves. A disgraces to human nature, and profound language were brutal examples sailors often used towards slaves.” ( First Hand; Accounts Study).
Frederick Douglass published two similar versions of his fight with the ‘slave-breaker’ Edward Covey in the tenth chapter of his The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave, and in the seventeenth chapter of My Bondage and My Freedom. By comparing the two accounts it is possible to see an evolution of his thoughts on abolishing slavery and person hood which occurred in the years which transpired between the two works, 1845 and 1855. In the first account which Douglass wrote at around the age of 27 he narrates a physical confrontation where he refuses to allow himself to be whipped. Douglass struggles for two hours with Covey and also fights off Covey’s cousin at the same time.
Alexander Falconbridge served as a surgeon on the ships that transported slaves through the middle passage. He managed to only make four voyages between 1780 and 1787 due to the harsh circumstances he was witnessing, which ultimately led him to write An Account of the Middle Passage. The Middle Passage was the hardest and most dangerous part of the voyage for any slave transported out of Africa. The article carefully describes the strenuous conditions the slaves were in while being in the ships. An analysis of Alexander Falconbridge’s An Account of the Middle Passage reveals how this surgeon’s perspective aided the progression of the abolition movement by showcasing a new perspective of the Middle Passage, and how his purpose was to inform the general public on how dreadful these
“With them, justice, liberty and humanity were “final”; not slavery and oppression.” This relates to the hardships and the fact that the people don’t recognize how terrible it is. And that these meanings of these “free” words mean something else to him and other slaves. He shows that the changes are hard but once they are made everything will be peaceful. Rhetorical features and strategies are Douglass’ forte’ in engaging with the audience.
Douglass’s descriptions of the slave trade were extremely vivid, from the details of how American’s viewed slaves, to the sounds of whips cracking and how a woman was encumbered by the weight of the child she carried and the chains that she wore. These details would bring readers to know what it was like to be in a slaves shoes at that time. His speech is driven by first had accounts of the degradations of slavery and would not be credible if it wasn’t for this fact. I believe that Douglass’s tone throughout the speech was hopeful, he enforced the cause of the Ladies’ Anti-Slavery Society with the hopes of making the United States more complete when slavery ended.
His “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave”, (Document G) makes emotional reading (lurid descriptions like "bitterest dregs of slavery" or "broken in body, mind, and soul" elicited reactions of disgust and dejection, which is the what abolitionists were hoping for) and showed that ultimately a slave, long thought to be a possession and less than human, was very much a person with reason and intellect. It provides unsurmountable proof that like any man, a slave deserved a life of dignity and liberty. His work shed light on the constant hard-working and abusive lifestyle that slaves
Herman Melville and his Impact on American Literature “He who has not failed somewhere… that man cannot be great.” This is a quote by Herman Melville that he lived by throughout his life as he struggled to harness a steady income and share his thoughts through literature. Herman Melville’s writings influenced America mainly after his death as we discovered the underlying beauty and validity of his literature, developed from his years of experience as a seaman. There are many reasons why Herman Melville is considered one of the most decorated literary authors of his time. Melville learned to work from a young age when his father passed away shortly after going bankrupt in the fur business(“American Experience”).
When Herman Melville wrote “Benito Cereno”, he used the phrase “follow your leader” repeatedly throughout the story. This poses the question: who is the leader? It would seem, based on context during different situations, “the leader” changes continuously throughout the duration of the story and provides different meanings based on who the leader is interpreted to be. The whole plot never seems to truly have one significant leader, but a rather cloudy group of possible leaders. It seems that Melville intentionally begins the story with the presentation of the idea of “the leader”.