When the atrocities of world war two are brought up, many people think of the biggest travesties the war caused, like the holocaust and Pearl Harbor. They think of the Jews and Americans slaughtered with almost ungodly techniques, and the countries that committed these war crimes. But one such case never comes to the mind of the average Joe, Unit 731 and its founder, Shiro Ishii. Ishii was born into a rich family on June 25th, 1892 in the Kamo district, Chibe prefecture, and southeast of Tokyo (Byrd 15). Shiro joined the military as soon as possible due to his great love for Japan and the emperor (Ammentorp). During his service, he went to Kyoto Imperial University and joined the medical department, where he would prove to be very proficient …show more content…
It was disguised as a water treatment plant to raise any alarms (Hudson). Unit 731 was used as a location of human experimentation by Shiro, using live patients to test diseases on, and most importantly, the effects and curing of frostbite (Byrd 32). Patients were infected with various diseases such as anthrax and syphilis, and then dissected live, called vivisections, for information (Byrd 29). There was extensive use of the technique, saying that using anesthetic would skew their results and not show the true effect of the diseases on the body (Byrd 30). Rape and torture was frequent, and Ishii showed no mercy for any prisoner (Hudson). The test subjects were usually Chinese and Russian prisoners of war, to which the Japanese showed zero remorse (Byrd 23). Experiments such as removing the stomach and tying the esophagus to the intestines, and removal of limbs from one part of the body and moving it to another area were commonplace, and all under supervision of Ishii (Hudson). Ishii was described as completely emotionless in all the war crimes being committed within his compound, showing how truly evil he was (Byrd
Unit: 9/ P1 1. Various Network Topologies: Star: Star topology is used to connect all computers to a central switch, which is responsible for forwarding the data to its destination computers. As shows in the diagram below: This type of topology is used with Ethernet and frame relay.
Louie and Phil also were injected with chemicals; However, “Both men survived, and as terrible as their experience had been, they were lucky. All over their captured territories, the Japanese were using at least ten hundred POWs and civilians, including infants, as test subjects for experiments in biological and chemical warfare. Thousands died” (Hillenbrand 187). Louie and Phil were treated as if they were lab rats.
P4 – Describe the three structures of the skeletal muscle (Epimysium, Perimysium and Endomysium) There are three structures of the skeletal muscle: Epimysium is a thick layer of irregular connective tissue that pulls the entire muscle as well as protecting the muscle from friction that may be caused by other muscles and bones surrounding them. Also, it is the fibrous tissue which covers and surrounds skeletal muscles. The Epimysium carries on past the end of bones in order to create muscle tendons. Perimysium surrounds a bundle of muscle fibres, it is a casing of connective tissue.
In the Pacific Theatre of World War II, Prisoner-of-war camps were a common occurrence. Japan and the United States had POW camps, but the most infamous were those of the Japanese. Japanese POW camps were governed by the country’s military officials, with no international laws being applied to the system. Prisoner-of-war camps were meant to be a place for enemy soldiers to be abstained from the war efforts on either side. However, POW camps in Japan were geared toward the expansion of the Japanese war effort.
Christopher Browning’s book, Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 explains the story of the most infamous mass killing in modern history and the ordinary men who participated in this genocide. In this book Browning provides insight into who these ordinary men really are and their horrendous acts. The Police Battalion 101 became a mass-execution squad in Poland in 1942-43. Surprisingly every single one of these men were able to make the decision to avoid partaking in the killings with no repercussions, some left, while some stated that they were given no such choice and that they didn’t hear that part. When given the orders to take out these innocent Jews, some of the men pleaded that the reason they were hesitant to kill was the fact that they were simply just too weak.
M2 - Explain the fundamental principles which have been applied to the designs I have created an interactive HCI which has a lot of colours, I have made sure the colours used don’t clash and that they are easy on the eye for everyone, so the black writing on the blue background can be read easily without any Struggle. The buttons down the left hand side of the page are perceived as being together because they are all the same size, they all rectangle shaped and the text is all the same size apart from the language changer as the text is too big for the box size.
There were also other workers in Unit 731 that came forward with evidence of wrongdoing, such as doctor Ken Yuasa, a former army medic that still practices at his clinic. Dr. Yuasa described how in China, where he was stationed, awake vivisections on patients were very common and widespread. They were, in fact, merely practice for medical experience rather than for conventional research. The Doctor is now “very apologetic” over what he has done, providing more proof that the unethical experiments were indeed, unethical. Another former member of Unit 731, Ishio Obata, refused to speak of the experiments, citing them as “such a terrible memory that I don’t want to talk about it”.
The end goal here was to utilize the plague in bombs which were to be deployed against enemy cities and military personnel; once a subject had been exposed to any of the above conditions, he or she was likely subject to dissection without anesthetic. The purpose of cutting open live, unsedated subjects was to observe the effects of the experiment without the potential effects of anesthesia on the human body. Unit 731 committed large-scale, systematic crimes against humanity and ethnicity. Those crimes must be revealed and recorded, so that humanity can remember the price of peace and cherish it.
Three Jewish brothers fought German troops and ran sabotage missions, though their focus was protecting a community of around 1,200 Jewish men, women, and children.” They showed courage for that because Protected a Jewish community from the Germans even though their family was
When learning about and analyzing acts of mass atrocity during World War II, hundreds if not thousands of questions can be asked trying to gain a deeper understanding for their actions. Probably one of the most intriguing thoughts to ponder is what leads individuals and societies as a whole to descend to such a level of cruelty. According to the author of Unbroken, Laura Hillenbrand, one reason may be, “Few societies treasured dignity, and feared humiliation, as did the Japanese, for whom a loss of honor could merit suicide. This is likely one of the reasons why Japanese soldiers in World War II debased their prisoners with such zeal, seeking to take from them that which was most painful and destructive to lose” (189). To elaborate, the Japanese
APUSH Unit 2 Long Essay In 1603, the English were still a small rising nation, poorer than most, and less powerful than Spain and France. Although the British colonies settled in the Americas late, they quickly became a dominant force in the new world. After they acquired their first permanent settlement in Jamestown, VA in 1607, the British became attracted to greater power and more land, which was the first building block of perhaps the most powerful European nation of the time period. Due to their growth in the Americas, the British were able to be compared to the Spanish colonies of the time period, which boosted the English’s confidence.
Content When the subject of atrocities of World War 2 is brought up, many individuals tend to automatically assume that the abominations to be discussed include Hitler’s mass extermination of Jews, the horrid bombing of Pearl Harbour, and the repugnant atomic blasts that occurred in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It is infrequent that someone brings up the topic of the Nanking Massacre, one of the worst known massacres to have ever taken place. With an estimated death toll between 260,000 to 350,000, author Iris Chang believes that the victims of the Nanking Massacre have perished in anguish and despair, with little or no recognition or sympathy displayed by the Western World today. Chang’s thesis is that not enough of the world population is knowledgeable
This investigation has allowed me to gain insight as to how historians utilize different methods, as well as challenges that they may face, when carrying out historical investigations. I feel that I have developed stronger skills of interpreting history, and have gained immense historical knowledge about a topic I would not otherwise learn about. In order to carry out the historical investigation, I read multiple books by historians of different ethnicities and origins, particularly from the Eastern Pacific region, I researched the chronological timeline of comfort stations, and I analyzed interpretations of events, all of which are methods often used by historians. I found a massive limitation in the sources I used to carry out my investigation. The majority of the books and websites I found, with a few exceptions,
After I read a remarkable story by Garret Hongo, titled Kubota, the moral issues were all too apparent. Hongo told the story of his grandfather, Kubota, a Japanese American accused of espionage subsequent to the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on December 8, 1941. Kubota, along with thousands of other Japanese Americans, was taken into a “camp” because he was suspected of having ties with Japan. It changed Kubota. What they’ve been through caused him much anger and sadness as to compel Hongo to tell the story to others.
Robert Guillain’s account of the firestorm in Tokyo and Dr. Michihiko Hachiya’s diary entry of the bombing of Hiroshima are both harrowing tales of the death and destruction caused by American forces in attempts to defeat Japan in World War II, and as such they are historically important for their depiction of the human tragedy inflicted by the U.S. military against the Japanese. Although the Allied forces are regarded by history as the noble victors of the Second World War, I Saw Tokyo Burning and Hiroshima Diary are important to remind younger generations that America’s victory came at extraordinary costs; the mainstream consensus today that such atrocities were justified on utilitarian grounds is complicated by the vivid and emotional accounts of pure horror. I Saw Tokyo Burning was written by Robert Guillain, a French reporter living in Japan during World War II. After witnessing Tokyo’s fire-bombing first-hand, he returned to France the following year in 1946 and published a book detailing his experiences. Additionally, Hiroshima Diary was penned by Dr. Hachiya, who was just about a mile from the epicenter of the atomic bomb’s explosion.