Chapter 2 Research Questions
Directions:
Use pages 30-62 to answer the following. All answers should be typed. Plagiarism of any kind will result in a zero on this assignment. Process the information from your textbook and the internet. This assignment must be answered in your own words.
1. What is mercantilism? How did the British use this to manage the original 13 colonies?
It was Britain’s method of increasing their wealth through commerce, and they used it to their advantage during the Seven Years War as they were going broke through taxations on the British colonies.
2. Why did many colonists feel that their rights had been violated by British taxes? What measures did they take to protest this?
Because they saw that the British
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Why did colonial representatives meet in Philadelphia for the First Continental Congress? What was accomplished at this meeting?
They wanted to end the violence and negotiate with the British King for a compromise between the colonists and the British interests. They managed to form a group to boycott British products and drafted a Declaration of Rights and Resolves.
4. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? Describe this document, and its purpose.
It was written by The Committee of Five which included Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Robert Livingston, Roger Sherman, and Adams managed to include Thomas Jefferson too as he was impressed with Jefferson’s writings. The Declaration of Independence was mainly a list of complaints about the British and the reason for separating with them.
5. Describe the Articles of Confederation. How was it different than the government we live by today?
It created a government that was linked between the 13 states, who shared their power and were together under a few common purposes. Though, most of the power resided in the individual states, unlike today where we have one government that watched over all the states, and there are representatives of each state that worked with the
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The three had equal power, so no one branch would have more control. They would also focus on their parts of the job, while the other branches could intervene when they see that it is unconstitutional or they just do not agree.
11. List the major points of Article I of the Constitution. Pay particular attention to describing the “Necessary and Proper Clause”
With the new government, Congress was able to engage in trade with foreign nations, and also coin and regulate their own money. The “necessary and proper clause” would give Congress the power to create laws that were “necessary and proper” to help with their responsibilities.
12. List the major points of Article II of the Constitution.
Article II gives the President of the United States the power to execute the laws of the nations. It also states the president’s term of office being limited to four years, the electoral college’s role in the elections, and the requirements for running for the presidency. It talks of the president’s responsibility to cooperate with the other branches of government, and also the ability to remove the president in the case that he or she is found to be guilty of “treason, bribery, or other higher crimes and misdemeanors”.
13. List the major points of Article III of the
1. What arguments did the colonist use to oppose the Stamp Act? The colonist were completely enraged when Britain enforced the harsher tax, the Stamp Act. The colonist felt that taxation without consent was a violation of their rights so they started to protest. The way the colonist opposed the Act was by filling the colonial newspapers, pamphlets defending colonial rights, colonial assemblies and even attacking tax collectors and officials.
SIMULATED CONGRESSIONAL HEARING SPEECH QUESTIONS Unit Three - What happened at the Philadelphia Convention? 1. Because of different economic systems, Northern and Southern states had different interests. These conflicting interests led to disagreements at the Philadelphia Convention. • Describe at least two disagreements between Northern and Southern states at the Convention.
Shays Rebellion Shays’ Rebellion was the final nail in the coffin for the Articles of Confederation. It managed to serve as the catalyst for the Founding Fathers to recognize the necessity for change to a stronger and more centralized government. The rebellion highlighted several of the documents’ failings that ultimately were due to the weak and decentralized government that the Articles of Confederation established. Although the Articles of Confederation was America’s first federal constitution, its weak federal government did not work out well for the United States.
The government in fear of tenancy said that each state can only contribute one vote to various law decisions. This on one hand was unfair because they completely disregarded the size/population of each state which could lead to inaccurate tallies. This system was difficult and create many struggles because in order to pass a new law nine out of thirteen people to agree on one topic. Which was nearly impossible but not the only problem occurring during this time. The federal government was a very flimsy government that printed money but did not tax the states, they were weak and had little control.
Madison began discussing the most famous Federalist papers by saying that one of the most grounded contentions for the Constitution is the way that it sets up an administration well-appointed for controlling the violence and harm created by factions. Madison characterizes groups as gatherings of individuals who assemble to secure and advance their exceptional monetary hobbies and political feelings. According to the text, Madison has only two ways to control a faction. The first was to remove its reasons and the second way was to control its outcomes.
What- The Second Continental Congress followed the First Continental Congress and took place in Philadelphia, May 5th, 1775. It took charge of the Colonies’ war attempts and would eventually lead to the United States Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. Who- Some people who were involved in this included, John Hancock from Massachusetts, Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, and Benjamin Franklin from Pennsylvania along with Patrick Henry, George Washington, and John Adams. Many of the 56 delegates who had attended the First Continental Congress were at the second.
The civil war of the United States emerged from the differences between the southern and northern states. Differences in the way they interpreted the economy, politics and slavery. This war brought sacrifice, pain and many deaths for both sides. At one point the Americans wanted to tell their story, each side had its own version.
Why the Constitution Surpasses the Articles of Confederation Today in history, the United States still obeys the Constitution. As everyone knows, it took bravery, courage, and bloodshed for the U.S. to keep and have this document. It took a great mind and a lot of trial and error to create the perfect form of government that was right and fair to all the people.
What it says in Article 2, Section 3) is ,”The President can give a speech to Congress on the “State of the Union,” and recommend laws that should be passed.” What this is trying to say is that the Congress has to hear the speech by the President or the Executive Branch from the State of the Union, which is about having a conversation with someone else or a group of people, then they have to see if they have to accept the laws if it should be passed or not. Another evidence is that the President can forgive the person’s crime and end their punishment. It’s what it says and what it actually says in Article 2, Section 2 is ,”The President is the Commander and Chief of the military. The president can pardon people convicted of federal crimes.”
Lesson 3, Assignment 3.2 Immigrants and the Commercial Empire Shira Bree Immigrants and the Commercial Empire The Puritan people of New England were very close knit. When the people married each other, it just added to the network of already connected families. Hardly anyone moved away. Everybody followed the rules of society and generally fit in. Family was a focal point, and provided guidance for every area of life, like education and religion.
The Articles of the Confederation was the first government constitution that the United States used, and, although there were strength like the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, there were major weaknesses of the Articles of the Confederation like the following: requiring 9 out of the 13 colonial votes from the representatives from different states to pass a law; having no executive and judicial branch; and the federal government being unable to impose tax revenue onto the states. Such flaws would eventually lead to the Constitution and the repeal of the articles, for the Constitution was a measure to fix the problems of the articles with a stronger government that allowed them to impose taxes and and implement new laws for a more effective government.
The first article of the Constitution says "ALL legislative powers...shall be vested in a Congress." The second article then reads "the executive power...in a President." The third article gives the "judicial power of the United States in one Supreme Court" and "in such inferior Courts as the Congress...may establish."
Mercantilism was the primary economic system of trade used from the 16th to 18th century. The system was based on the understanding that a nation’s wealth and power would best benefit by increasing exports and collecting metals, such as gold and silver. When Great Britain enforced the sugar and navigation Acts to increase the wealth of the nation ,it angered the American Colonists and made them dissatisfied with the British rule . The heavy taxes and restrictions , caused by the two acts , frustrated the American colonists and eventually contributed to the American Revolution . As a result of the American Revolution the colonies gained independence from Great Britain.
Two suggestions both originate in the second article involved the presidency. One was to rid of the electoral college and the other to change the way vice presidential candidates are elected. Protecting constitutional rights is a lot more of a complicated idea than figuring out what could be changed in the Constitution. Because the text of the Constitution can often be interpreted in different ways, it is hard to decipher what the rights we exactly have
All things considered, there are innumerable amounts of reasons that combined to create the American Revolution such as taxation without representation, mercantilism, British self-government, and so much more. Overall, the underlying reason for the revolt was the poor treatment of colonists in the Americas. Self-government was the idea that, typically within a colony, there would be elected rulers that are free to make a majority of decisions without having the need to refer to the official imperial power of the colony. It was established in the Britain, saying that British Parliament, rather than the king, had the absolute authority in government. In the 1730s, the Parliament started passing taxes, regulating the British colonies in the Americas.