It refers to the patterns of communication, interpretation and adjustment between individuals. Both the verbal and nonverbal responses that a listener then delivers are similarly constructed in expectation of how the original speaker will react. Workers contribution is more involved in this theory. (Markes, 1999)
Contributions
1) There was widening span of area of control.
2) It contributed in understanding about different cultures.
B. for each of the above describes three strengths and drawbacks in relation to management in organizations.
Classic theory strengths and drawbacks: Strengths
1) Hierarchical Structure - One of the advantages of the classical management structure is a clear organizational hierarchy with three management levels.
2) Division of Labor - One of the advantages of classical management approach is the division of labor.Employees responsibilities are clearly assigned to them.
3) Monetary Incentive - Employees should be motivated by monetary rewards. In other words, employees will work harder and become more productive if they have an competitive salary. Employees feel appreciated when being rewarded for hard work.
Drawbacks
1) Untested assumptions - Many of the assumptions made by classical writers were based not on scientific tests but on value judgments that expressed what they believed to be proper life-styles, moral codes, and attitudes toward success.
2) Human machinery-Classical theories leave the impression that the organization is a
• The transition is easier. • Concentrates on buy-in of employees as the focus for success • Clear step which can give a guidance for the process • Fits favorably into the culture of classical/ traditional hierarchies • Focus on one new thing especially in linear fashion over time Disadvantage • Steps can’t be skipped and it is clearly top
and many researchers have added on to this foundation, but this foundation has always proven to be very sound. The fact is there are a lot of different elements that play into how we communicate with others. but the ways in which we exploit our similarities and differences are important and understanding that will help you become a better communicator. convergence “ although convergent communicative acts reduce interpersonal differences. interindividual variability in extent and frequency of convergence is, perhaps not surprisingly, also apparent, corresponding to sociodemographic variables such as age (Delia and Clark 1977).
In such a system, any behavior of a member has a value message for others. Example: The tense silence and staring two strangers who meet in an elevator, despite its non-communicative (or precisely because of it) intentionality convey a lot of information, "do not interest me", "I 'm not in the mood conversationally,” I prefer to ignore "... In all communication must distinguish between aspects of content (digital level) and relational (analog level): While the digital level refers to the semantic content of the communication, the analog level qualifies how they understood the message, i.e., designates what kind of relationship exists between the sender and receiver.
1.8 Explain the use of communication theories and body language Mehrabian’s Silent Messages - The influence of non-verbal communication is much greater than we initially thought. Albert Mehrabian studied the effects of conflicting messages. How come that someone who is stamping their feet while yelling ‘I’m not angry’, does not come across as credible? Albert Mehrabian created a communication model, in which he demonstrated that only 7% of what we communicate consists of the literal content of the message.
This document discusses how businesses will start in big town and then spread to smaller towns to have a larger area to control. It also talks about how there is a manager that would have to manage the whole region. Let’s imagine that someone landed the job of manager and they think that they are only the manager of one building. They might not think that a small mistake could have an effect on a greater area due to the lack of clarification. An informed person would think about asking what region or location they are in charge of to avoid
Not only in the business organizations but also in our daily lives, it is not uncommon that we, human beings, end up interacting with one another. Chatting, discussing, or negotiating – whatever form it may take, we communicate our ideas with one another. Through these communications, we either form bonds or doubts. While there are many theories that try to explain how an individual think, let us focus on the theory that shows how a person interacts with another individual using ego states. The transactional theory of Eric Berne attempts to let us understand how an individual possesses a multi-faceted personality that can be observed through verbal and non-verbal communication.
Question1 Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Henry Mintzberg’s prescriptive schools of strategy Design school The process of conception is using the major idea of SWOT which divided into two sides; internal (strength and weakness) and external (opportunity and threat) factors. Social responsibility and Managerial values also play a role in the formulation of the strategy. When the four factors is analyzed, the next step is creation of strategy which is suitable to organization and final stage is implementation follow by that strategy. Advantages: -Separate the step between design strategy and implementation clearly
In the attempt of understanding communication processes better, many academics have created models of communication. They attempt to encapsulate the factors necessary for ideal communication into the representation of
Higher Quality of Service or Product 3. Monetary Savings 4. Better Employee Retention Rates 5. Pleasant Work Environment Maslow`s Hierarchy
The two key topics in class in the last weeks, for me. Two of the most relevant topics developed in the last weeks were: non-verbal communication and the barriers to communication. Everytime we communicate with another person or group of people, we have to take into account some factors other than what we are actually saying that can affect how the message is going to be received: body language, tone, intonation, facial expressions, and others; this is what we understand for non-verbal communication. As we saw in class “55% of communication is body language, 38% is the tone of voice, and 7% is the actual words spoken.”
1. Define and distinguish scientific management and bureaucratic management. Theoretical models are used to identify the management of different organizations and how they are structured. The early classical school entailed the bureaucratic and scientific management models of management. Both of these models focuses on the improvement of the managerial effectiveness by providing tools and suggesting organizational structures.
4. Influence of traditional hierarchy gets reduced. 5. Tim Cook has the ultimate decision making power on all the department functions. Disadvantages of the current functional organizational structure are as follows: 1.
The purpose of this essay is to identify management strength and weakness that need to be developed. It is because of the need to recognize own weaknesses and learn how to make them benefit from management. In my view, management is the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the power of people who are involved in activities of organization in order to achieve the goal of organization. Skills of effective manager, time management skills and team leader skills are necessarily needed in management.
Management Principles are essential, underlying factors that form the foundations of a successful management. Based on the book General and Industrial Management by Henri Fayol, there are a