Andrew Carnegie's Vertical Integration

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Andrew Carnegie was born in 1835 and died in 1919. He emigrated from Scotland at the age of 13 and worked at the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1853. There he gained knowledge of iron manufacturing the rails, railroads, bridges and how to manage a company. By 1856, he was investing money in different business, only 4 years after his first investment.
Andrew Carnegie built his monopoly using experience he had gained from previous jobs and a method called vertical integration. vertical Integration is when a single company controls the raw materials, the factories, and everything else that it takes to produce its product. He moved toward a monopoly by opening his first steel plant in 1875, investing in a coke(coal) company, buying a homestead steel

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