Introduction The term chromatography actually means colour writing, and signifies a technique by which the substance to be examined is placed in a vertical glass tube containing an adsorbent, the different segments of the substance traveling through the adsorbent at distinctive rates of velocity, according to their degree of attraction to it, and producing bands of colour at different levels of the adsorption column. The substances least absorbed emerge earliest; those more strongly absorbed emerge later. (Wixom et al., 2011) In chromatography of all types, there is a mobile phase and a stationary phase. The stationary phase is the phase that does not move and the mobile phase is the one that does move. The mobile phase moves through the stationary phase picking up the compounds to be tested. As the mobile phase continues to …show more content…
The developing solution was poured into a tank and was tightly covered with a glass lid, and the tank was allowed to be saturated to ensure that the solution was equilibrated in the gas phase. Silica plate for TLC analysis: A horizontal line was drawn with a pencil on the plate and it was about 1 cm above the bottom of the plate. The horizontal line was drawn faintly so as to avoid damaging the silica gel on the plate. On the horizontal line, two marks were made and one was named A and the other B. These marks were made towards the centre of the plate at a distance apart because when spots are made at the edge of a plate, the result would be an improper travel of the samples as the solvent advances on the plate. The solution with the pigments was spotted 15 times on both region A and region B and then allowed to dry. When the plate was dry it was placed into the tank for at least 20
K.D.A. Saboia et al. , (2007) have been prepared the Bi4Ti3O12–CaCu3Ti4O12 {[BIT(X)–CCTO(100-X)]} composite powders through solid state reaction method and calcined in the range of 900 to 1020 ºC for 12 h. The as-prepared powders have modified in the form of thick film onto alumina ceramic substrate by utilizing screen printing. At 100 Hz, the value of dielectric constant (κ) of CCTO100 and BIT100 is 316.61 and 53.64 respectively. Conversely, the composite with X=20 % shows an unexpected dielectric constant of 409.71, which is around 20% higher in comparison with the CCTO.
This study was conducted with a partner, since some parts of the experiment were able to be done simultaneously. One partner prepared a TLC developing jar by pouring a small layer of 4:1:1 propanol/acetic acid/water into a developing jar. A solvent wick was made by wetting a piece of filter with the solvent, and it was placed in the jar. A silica coated TLC plate was obtained, and a spotting line was carefully drawn approximately 1.5 cm from the bottom of the plate using a pencil. Extra care was taken to not touch the plate with bare skin.
Prove if the material in cup 6 is a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal, by using its appearance, color, state of matter, luster, conductivity, malleability, and how it reacts with HCL. Before beginning to test on the substance we observed its appearance, state of matter, luster, and color. The substance was very shiny, solid and hard, as well as silver. Then we put on safety goggles to start testing.
Major unknown #202 was given out by the instructor, and the unknown bacterium was streaked out on a Trypticase Soy Agar tube and plate to inoculating the bacterium and incubating. After incubated and grown the morphology was observed and several Gram stains were performed to determinate if the bacterium were gram positive or negative, and the morphology of the bacterium. The Gram Stain of my major unknown #202 was determinate to be Gram negative bacilli, and was double checked by the Gram check slide. Also I noticed that my bacterium was a facultative anaerobe and according to my results of endospore test, my bacterium has not endospores. So according to the list of possible major unknowns provided by the instructor, I narrow my bacterium thru
1. How pure is your sample? When analysing our sample under UV light we could see if our sample was pure. We labelled the sample with 1= which was our sample, 2= the pure aspirin sample, 3= the salicylic acid.
On the hand, pheophytin a or b, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and lutein were less polar. The observations of the four pigments in UV light showed which pigment had red in them. The β-carotene had no red in the sample. The chlorophyll
After the incubation period of the six plates prepared from using the clear tubes (Vancomycin), the results were obtained as below, Plate 1 Plate 2 Plate 3 (100 ug/ml) (50 ug/ml) (25
TLC was used to identify the actual unknown product as well as other products/reactants present in the filtered solution. The procedure was conducted by placing a TLC plate in a developing chamber that is filled with a small amount of solvent. The solvent cannot be too polar because it will cause spotted compounds on the TLC plate to rise up too fast, while a very non-polar solvent will not allow the spots to move. The polarity of the spots also determines how far it moves on the plate; non-polar spots are higher than polar ones. After spots on the TLC form, the Rf values are calculated and used to analyze the similarity of the compounds.
Borrelidin, until recently, has been extracted through common traditional methods. These methods depend on the physicochemical properties of the drug, like size, solubility and polarity. Moreover, full purification using these methods requires multiple steps of separation, concentration and analysis to be achieved. This often yields a low percentage of the drug due to significant loss with other components as well as sample degradation.
After the solution was poured in, the sides of the cuvette were wiped off with a Kimwipe to get rid of any fingerprints that could affect the colorimeter reading. The colorimeter was then set to the 470 nm setting, and then the “B” cuvette was
In Normal phase, the column is filled with small silica particles and the solvent is non polar. The compound will run through the column where the non polar mixture will not stick to the silica and will pass the column faster than the polar compounds which will stick to the column. In reversed phase the column is the same size as the normal phase. The only difference from normal phase is that the column now is modified in order to attach long hydrocarbon to it surface. When a polar solvent is used strong attractions between the polar solvent and polar molecules in mixture being passed through the silica.
For TLC profiling, 4 TLC plates were prepared for the testing of each solvent. As shown in Figure 1, the green food dye was placed at the bottom center, specifically 0.5 cm away from the bottom of the plate, with the use of a capillary tube. Each one of the silica plates were then vertically placed in a small beaker with its inside surrounded by a filter paper saturated with the solvent to be tested and a small amount of the same solvent at the bottom. The TLC plate was then taken out when the rising solvent was about to reach the top of plate. The ammonia: 1-butanol solvent was tested 7 times due to some personal
The components of the sample called solutes or analytes separate from one another based on their relative vapour. This chromatographic process is called elution.
4.1 REACTIVE EXTRACTION DESCRIPTION A simple reaction, followed by isolation of the desired product from the solution, will give a example of a typical application of extraction. Few organic acids are liquid and soluble in water. Sodium salts of carbon organic acids are ionic compounds that are also very soluble in water.
Introduction The practicum has been developed in RIKEN Centre of Developmental Biology in Kobe, in the laboratory of Axial Pattern Dynamics under the supervision of Inomata-sensei and Matsukawa-san. In the laboratory they try to artificially regulate the gradient shape, they can control morphogen-dependent pattern formation. In general, the shape of a gradient is defined by three factors; synthesis, diffusion, and degradation of morphogen.