Appealing to what an individual trusts, sees, and feels is the staple method of persuasion. These senses forge security within an individual. Ethos gains trust, logos provides visible facts, and pathos creates empathy in the audience. Throughout The Tragedy of Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare, each character applies the three rhetorical appeals of ethos, logos, and pathos to manipulate others. In Antony’s transformative speech to the crowd, Antony argues for Caesar’s innocence with the application of ethos, logos, and pathos. Doing so forces his audience into sympathizing with Caesar and regarding Caesar’s death with a perspective that the conspirators had not exhibited. First, Antony establishes his honor and trustworthiness with ethos. …show more content…
After gaining the crowds' trust, Antony disassembles the arguments that Brutus used prior. Brutus’ main argument is that Caesar was ambitious and tyrannus, so Antony has to prove this untrue. Antony states, “He hath brought many captives home to Rome / Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill: / Did this in Caesar seem ambitious?” (3.2.85-87). His example of Caesar’s generosity and unambition directly contradicts what Brutus had divulged. Moreover, Antony refers to a second example of this behavior. He continues, “You all did see that on the Lupercal / I thrice presented him a kingly crown, / Which he did thrice refuse. Was this ambition?” (3.2.92-94). By adding a second direct contradiction, Antony dismantles all that Brutus had said before him. To further his already strong evidence, he lastly presents Caesar’s will. In the will, he reads, “Here is the will, and under Caesar’s seal. / To every Roman citizen he gives, / … seventy five drachmas” (3.2.236-38). Through the grand display of Caesar’s altruism, Antony secures his argument and the crowd’s opinions. Ultimately, with the persuasion technique of logos, Antony disproves Brutus’ speech and compels the audience to his …show more content…
Brutus’ speech makes the crowd apathetic towards Caesar’s death, and in order to restore the crowd’s empathy, Antony must display vulnerability. Antony halts his speech to lament, “O judgment, thou art fled to brutish beasts, / And men have lost their reason! Bear with me, / My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, / And I must pause till it come back to me.” (3.2.101-4). His dramatics demonstrate to the crowd how they should feel, and they follow suit. Once the crowd feels sentimental about Caesar’s death, Antony commences his process of enraging them. While revealing Caesar’s dead body, Antony utilizes loaded language to demonize the actions of the conspirators, Brutus in particular. He claims, “Through this the well-beloved Brutus stabbed; / And as he plucked his cursed steel away, / Mark how the blood of Caesar followed it, / As rushing out of doors to be resolved / If Brutus so unkindly knocked or no; / For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar’s angel. / Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him! / This was the most unkindest cut of all;” (3.2.173-180). At this moment, Antony is not aware of where Brutus stabbed Caesar, but still says all these things to stir the crowd to anger. His story of Caesar’s death riles up the crowd, but not enough to satisfy his desire for chaos. Antony furthers the crowd's emotions by comparing the crowd’s current actions to what Brutus’s would be in the same
"I thrice presented him a kingly crown, / which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition?" (Antony 24-25 IIIii). Marc Antony says Caesar rejected a position of power on multiple occasions which portrays his lack of a desire to gain authority. By doing so, Marc Antony makes the audience realize that Caesar had no hunger for power. Marc Antony had a more effective argument because it was backed up by evidence in the event that had happened.
By asking this rhetorical question after instances of Caesar’s good doings for Rome, Antony perpetuates the idea that Caesar was not ambitious and his murder was unjust. By the end of his reasoning, Antony has supplied his audience with multiple counts of Caesar’s benevolence and ensured their agreement. This agreement is strengthened by Antony’s emotional appeals; he creates these through his utilization of both imagery and a visual aid. In utilizing imagery, Antony discusses the conspirators’ relationships with Caesar and notes that Brutus, their leader, was “Caesar’s angel” (Shakespeare). In mentioning this, Antony creates a visual of pureness and good in association to Brutus and then overturns it by discussing how Brutus brutally murdered Caesar, his closest friend.
His acknowledgement of Brutus saying “[Caesar] was ambitious” (III.ii.82) followed immediately by his saying that Brutus “is an honorable man” (III.ii.83) repetitively shows the crowd that Antony is ungrateful for the conspirators allegedly saving Rome. This repetition becomes sarcastic, creating an ungrateful feeling throughout the crowd. He also repeats good traits of Caesar, including how “He was [Antony’s] friend, faithful and just to [Antony]” (III.ii.81) which establishes an emotional connection between him and the citizens. He uses aposiopesis to display how the assassination has affected him, once again using emotion to persuade the crowd to see the murder the same way he views it. He reminds the citizens that “when that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept” (III.ii.87) which establishes another emotional connection between the fallen leader and the
Having been beseeched by Brutus to speak only well of him, Antony chose to use duplicity and add double meaning to his sentences. This was shown repeatedly when Antony proclaimed: “Yet
Antony says, “look in this place ran Cassius’ dagger through… See what a rent the envious Casca made… Through this the well-beloved Brutus stabbed.” These images stir up emotion, Antony wants the people of Rome to be infuriated with Brutus and mentally paint a picture of what they did. Brutus takes a different approach and for a testimonial, “any dear friend Caesar’s, to him I say, that Brutus’ love Caesar was no less than his.” The similarity between the two speeches shows a goal both men wanted to achieve, which is to appeal to the heart and emotion.
The commoners begin to sympathize with Antony during his dramatic pause. To compound upon their pity, Antony graphically describes the stabbings the conspirators inflicted upon Caesar. While the Romans are gathered around Caesar’s body, Antony uses dramatic irony, “This was the most unkindest cut of all;/ For when the noble Caesar saw him stab,/ Ingratitude, more strong than the traitors’ arms,/ Quite vanquished him. Then burst his mighty heart;” (3.2. 183-186). Antony’s rage against the conspirators incites anger and grief within the mourning crowd.
Brutus says to his audience, “Had you rather Caesar [live] and die all slaves, [than he] were dead, to live all free men?” (III.II.22-23), following with “As Caesar loved me, I weep for him” (III.II.24), “As he was fortunate, I rejoice at it” (III.II.24), and “As he was valiant, I honor him” (III.II.25), to show the audience that he is deeply troubled by his actions, and does not feel good about murdering his friend. Antony stirs the audience’s hearts to feel sorrow for him and anger at Brutus. One of the most emotionally charged phrases in his speech, “My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar / And I must pause till it come back to me”, is a very critical point because it sways the audience in Antony’s favor more than most of his previous statements (III.II.104-105).
Danielle Hunt Mr. Ioannidis 1st Hr. English 10B 22 May 2023 The Heart Is the Key to Persuasion In Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, Antony’s speech was more successful than Brutus’s at persuading the crowd because of his observation of the commoner’s intelligence level and his ability to utilize rhetoric.
Antony used logos to support his claims and won the Plebeian’s hearts “Marked ye his words? He would not take the crown. Therefore ‘tis certain he was not ambitious.” (III, ii, 111). On the contrary, Brutus’ claims were only successful before a more manipulative speech arrived with the sole purpose of debunking Brutus.
Marc Antony uses repetition throughout to strengthen his speech. Repetition is the action of repeating something that has already been said or written. Five times during his speech he repeats, “Brutus is an honorable man” (3.2. 94). Antony was not being very serious when he stated this. The statement was sarcastic.
Antony is making Caesar seem like a noble and humble man by stating how many times he rejected the
Brutus expects to move the people with just his nobility and reasoning. Antony has a keen choice of words while talking to the people. It is stated, “You all did see that on the Lupercal, I Thrice presented him a kingly crown, which he did thrice refuse. Was this ambition?” (III, ii, 97-99).
I will not do them wrong; I rather choose / to wrong the dead…” (Shakespeare 3.2.126-128). Antony’s refusal to speak poorly of Brutus reveals that Antony’s sole desire in giving his funeral speech is to remind the audience of Caesar’s good qualities and attributes, which ultimately convinces them that his death was undeserved. Additionally, Antony develops his credibility through his practice of the Roman virtue, pietas, when he rejects the idea of disrespecting a fellow Roman. Brutus’s approach in convincing the audience of Caesar’s unfair death is seen purely as a way to seek justice for his late best friend.
He uses his skill of appealing to the crowds emotion to persuade them that Brutus did not kill Caesar out of the good of Rome. Antony states, “O, judgment! Thou art fled to brutish beasts, and men have lost their reason.” He gives reasons why Caesar is not ambitious and did not deserve to be killed. One of the reasons Caesar was not ambitious is because “when that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: Ambition should be made of sterner stuff.”
To convey his opinions on a more personal level Antony uses repetition. “And Brutus is an honorable man.” (III, ii, 103-103). Antony repeats this statement throughout his speech in four various contexts. Antony sneaks his opinion into the speech but then returns to his position on Brutus’ side by spewing this fact.